Freckles (Ephelides)

What are freckles?

Freckles are small, flat, circular spots on the skin, often appearing in sun-exposed areas like the face and shoulders. They are typically harmless and result from an overproduction of melanin due to UV exposure.

Freckles are primarily caused by a combination of genetic factors and sun exposure. The MC1R gene is strongly associated with freckling, especially in individuals with fair skin, red or blonde hair, and light-coloured eyes.

Types of Freckles

1. Ephelides: Common freckles that appear due to sun exposure and tend to fade with reduced sun exposure.

2. Solar Lentigines: Darker spots that accumulate with age and do not fade with seasonal changes.

How we treat freckles?

To reduce the appearance of freckles, consider the following methods:

Sun Protection

• Use broad-spectrum sunscreen with SPF 50 or higher to prevent new freckles from forming.

• Wear protective clothing and avoid peak sun hours.

Topical Treatments

• Certain over the counter and prescription ingredients may help to fade pigmentation

Professional Treatments

• Laser Therapy: Effective for targeting and lightening freckles with minimal risk of scarring.

• Chemical Peels: Remove the top skin layer, reducing freckle visibility.

• Broadband light (BBL): Uses light to target melanin, reducing freckle appearance.